Relation between the integral of t·f(t) and (f⁻¹(t))² geometrized
Hidden Label: left parenthesis, "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis , "m" "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis , right parenthesisgm,mgm
Label
equals=
left parenthesis, 1 , 1 , right parenthesis1,1
36
^^^The shape bounded by these orange lines is a triangle, whose dimensions can be calculated with the half product formula and Cavalieri's Principle as follows:
Hide this folder from students.
37
For the horizontal width of the triangle, it is simply just the distance from the origin to our intersection point, on the x-axis; we can bring in that intersection X-coordinate from earlier, then simplifying:
38
Expression 39: "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis minus 0gm−0
equals=
11
39
Expression 40: "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesisgm
equals=
11
40
The height of the right side is obtained by doing the second linear equation minus the first one, then plugging that intersection X-coordinate in for x, then simplifying:
41
Expression 42: left parenthesis, "m" plus "h" , right parenthesis "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis negative "m" "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesism+hgm−mgm
equals=
0.2 50.25
42
Expression 43: left parenthesis, "m" minus "m" plus "h" , right parenthesis "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesism−m+hgm
equals=
0.2 50.25
43
Expression 44: left parenthesis, "h" , right parenthesis "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesishgm
equals=
0.2 50.25
44
We then can apply the half-product formula; notice the 2 values we calculated above are equal, so we can consolidate them into (g(m))²:
45
Expression 46: StartFraction, "h" times "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis squared Over 2 , EndFractionh·gm22
equals=
0.1 2 50.125
46
***For the visual, I will integrate starting at m = 0, all the way up to m.
47
Calculation of Red area with 'triangular' integration:
Hide this folder from students.
48
If we plug a differential in for h in the triangle area above, and integrate, our integral here calculates the red area:
49
Expression 50: Start integral from 0 to "m" , end integral, StartFraction, left parenthesis, "g" left parenthesis, "t" , right parenthesis , right parenthesis squared Over 2 , EndFraction "d" "t"∫m0gt22dt
equals=
0.30.3
50
Calculation of Red area with area under the curve:
Hide this folder from students.
51
We can use the intersection X-coordinate formula for our bounds and integrate t·f(t) with those bounds:
52
Expression 53: Start integral from "g" left parenthesis, 0 , right parenthesis to "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis , end integral, "t" times "f" left parenthesis, "t" , right parenthesis "d" "t"∫gmg0t·ftdt
equals=
0.20.2
53
Then we can subtract that from the area of the outlined purple triangle, which will be easy to calculate with the half-product formula, with one point being at the origin, and the other being at the intersection from earlier:
54
Expression 55: StartFraction, "m" "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis squared Over 2 , EndFraction minus Start integral from "g" left parenthesis, 0 , right parenthesis to "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis , end integral, "t" times "f" left parenthesis, "t" , right parenthesis "d" "t"mgm22−∫gmg0t·ftdt
equals=
0.30.3
55
We just proved these equations equal...
Hide this folder from students.
56
Expression 57: Start integral from 0 to "m" , end integral, StartFraction, left parenthesis, "g" left parenthesis, "t" , right parenthesis , right parenthesis squared Over 2 , EndFraction "d" "t"∫m0gt22dt
equals=
0.30.3
57
Expression 58: StartFraction, "m" "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis squared Over 2 , EndFraction minus Start integral from "g" left parenthesis, 0 , right parenthesis to "g" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis , end integral, "t" times "f" left parenthesis, "t" , right parenthesis "d" "t"mgm22−∫gmg0t·ftdt
equals=
0.30.3
58
Of course, we can reverse the roles of the functions, since they are inverses, and they have a 'symmetric' relation.
59
Expression 60: Start integral from 0 to "m" , end integral, StartFraction, left parenthesis, "f" left parenthesis, "t" , right parenthesis , right parenthesis squared Over 2 , EndFraction "d" "t"∫m0ft22dt
equals=
0.0 7 1 4 2 8 5 7 1 4 2 8 60.0714285714286
60
Expression 61: StartFraction, "m" "f" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis squared Over 2 , EndFraction minus Start integral from "f" left parenthesis, 0 , right parenthesis to "f" left parenthesis, "m" , right parenthesis , end integral, "t" times "g" left parenthesis, "t" , right parenthesis "d" "t"mfm22−∫fmf0t·gtdt